Advances in radiation treatment have led to better targeting, minimizing the dose to healthy tissue. For patients with Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), pretreatment scanning with positron emission tomography and computed tomography (PET/CT) has become the gold standard, say researchers from University of Florida, in determining the extent of HL. Because HL may recur at the site of the original cancer, the scans are important to accurately capture the scope of the disease. Moreover, the researchers say pretreatment PET/CT may reduce disease progression.
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In their study of 37 patients with stage I or II HL, 31 had PET/CT before chemotherapy. Two of the remaining 6 had PET/CT done within 5 days after chemotherapy was started. Median follow-up was 46 months.
The 4-year rate of relapse-free survival was 92%. Patients who did not receive pretreatment PET/CT were more likely to have a relapse (67%). Of 4 recurrences, 3 were within 12 months of follow-up; 1 developed 5 years after treatment.
Among the 6 patients who did not have a baseline PET/CT scan, all 3 recurrences were in lymph node regions outside of, but adjacent to, the radiation field. None of the 6 experienced an in-field treatment failure.
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Long-term survivors of HL are vulnerable to late adverse effects, the researchers note, and that fact is “the impetus behind efforts to reduce radiation exposure to organs at risk.” They cite studies that have found that PET/CT scans, compared with using only pretreatment contrast-enhanced CT scans, can alter the staging in 10% to 30% of patients with HL. Their study, the researchers add, helps support the National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines that advise prechemotherapy PET/CT imaging in staging all HL patients. Not doing complete staging, the researchers say, puts patients at “unnecessary, and in some instances preventable, risk for recurrence.”
Source:
Figura N, Flampouri S, Mendenhall NP, et al. Adv Radiat Oncol. 2017;1-16.
