The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services has proposed an overall 3% increase in payments for outpatient hospital care in 2009, almost a full percentage point below the update for 2008. As expected, reporting on quality of care is being tied to the amount of increase hospitals and other outpatient providers will receive.
For the first time, hospitals and other recipients of payments under the outpatient system that do not report data on seven quality measures of emergency and perioperative care will see only a 1% increase.
The proposed rule also outlines changes for ambulatory surgery centers (ASCs) that are part of a 4-year transition to a new payment system that began this year. In 2009, as was the case this year, ASCs would be paid 65% of the rate paid for the same service in an outpatient hospital department.
The agency estimates it will spend $29 billion in 2009 on payments to acute care hospitals, inpatient rehabilitation facilities, inpatient psychiatric facilities, long-term acute-care hospitals, community mental health centers, children's hospitals, and cancer hospitals. That's a $2 billion increase from the estimated $27 billion CMS will spend on outpatient services this year, said the agency. Payments to ambulatory surgery centers will increase from an estimated $3.5 billion in 2008 to $3.9 billion in 2009, according to CMS.
CMS is proposing to more aggressively penalize hospitals and other outpatient providers that do not report quality data. Providers must report on 7 measures in 2008 and on 11 in 2009, including 4 imaging efficiency measures. In addition, the agency is seeking to reduce copayments for beneficiaries who are treated at hospitals that do not report quality data.
By law, Medicare is gradually changing the payment system so that beneficiaries will be liable for only 20% of a covered service. The coinsurance rate has varied widely over the last 8–10 years. In 2009, about 25% of services will be subject to the 20% coinsurance, from 23% in 2008, said CMS.
For imaging—a huge and growing portion of Medicare expenditures—CMS would make a single payment for multiple imaging procedures performed in a single hospital session, including ultrasound, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging.
CMS also proposes reducing pay for some device-oriented procedures: a 48% reduction for the placing of left ventricular pacing add-on leads; a 3% decrease for replacing pacemakers, electrodes, or pulse generators; 4% for stent placement; and 1% for drug-eluting stents.
A small increase is proposed for most neurology devices and drug infusion devices, but placement of neurostimulator electrodes would be slashed by 52%.
For ASCs, reimbursement would decrease for 92 procedures, but increase for 2,475, according to the Ambulatory Surgery Center Association. Nervous system procedures and pain management would be reduced by 3%, according to Washington Analysis, a firm that advises investors on health policy developments.
CMS proposes adding nine surgical procedures to the list of services covered at an ASC. Three have new Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes, and six—nasal/sinus endoscopy surgery; removal of vein clot; blood exchange/transfuse, non-nb; laparoscopic insertion of a permanent intraperitoneal catheter; laparoscopic revision of a permanent intraperitoneal catheter; and laparoscopy with omentopexy add-on—were previously excluded from coverage. Five procedures will be added to the list of office-based procedures, paid at either the ASC rate or the office practice expense payment rate, whichever is lower.
Finally, the agency is proposing to create four new ambulatory payment classifications for type B emergency departments (EDs that are not open 24 hours a day, 7 days a week). According to data collected by CMS, most type B visits are more expensive than a clinic visit, but less expensive than a visit to a traditional ED. The goal is to make payment for the type B centers more reflective of actual costs. The four payment groups will be based on claims data from the type B providers.
CMS will issue the final rule Nov. 1.