NEW ORLEANS — A simple form could help to ease communication between primary care physicians and the dermatologists to whom they refer patients, Wake Forest University researchers wrote in a poster presented at the annual meeting of the American Academy of Dermatology.
The researchers designed a one-page form for dermatologists to use to quickly send back information to the referring primary care physician about a consultation.
It can sometimes take as long as 3 weeks to get information back from specialists, said Michael Shea, M.D., a family physician in Greensboro, N.C., who reviewed the form as part of the study. And when the information arrives, it's usually in the form of several pages of office notes, he told this newspaper.
Steven R. Feldman, M.D., a professor of dermatology, pathology, and public health sciences at Wake Forest University, and his colleagues designed the form to include only the most important information. The study was supported by Galderma Laboratories, LP.
The form includes a section for the diagnosis and a silhouette for marking the location of skin lesions or eruptions. It also includes a section for listing the most frequently prescribed medications as well as the dosage, frequency, and duration of treatment.
The one-page form doesn't require dictation, transcription, or mailing. It is designed to be filled out at the point of care and can be faxed to the primary care physician.
To make the process more efficient for dermatologists, Dr. Feldman and his colleagues tracked the most frequently prescribed medications in his solo dermatology practice and added them to the form with a checkbox next to each one.
The multilayered form also doubles as a prescription pad, he said.
The advantage of this type of one-page form is that it's easy enough for the dermatologist to complete that he or she can get it back to the referring physician in a day or two, Dr. Shea said.
“It's good medicine when you can keep the patient's chart up to date,” Dr. Shea said.
Having the diagnosis and treatment plan in hand allows the primary care physician to treat the other facets of the condition, Dr. Shea said. It also allows him or her to look for drug interactions with the patient's other medications.
The form also helps to eliminate a situation where a patient returns to the primary care physician's office before receiving the report on the consultation. This information lag compromises patient care, according to Dr. Feldman; the patient is unable to be treated because the referring physician doesn't know the patient's diagnosis, treatment plan, and health status.
The researchers measured the effectiveness of the form by surveying five primary care physicians or their office staff about their experiences using the tool. They also interviewed another eight primary care physicians.
In general, the primary care physicians who were interviewed about the form said that reporting delays are a common problem and that the form is a potential way to eliminate those delays.
Dr. Feldman told FAMILY PRACTICE NEWS he plans to use the form in his practice and will continue to improve it based on feedback from referring physicians. He has no plans to commercialize the form but said he is happy to share it with other physicians.
But there's not just one way to streamline the communication between primary care physicians and specialists, said Rosemarie Nelson, a consultant for the Medical Group Management Association.
For example, some practices are having their transcription service save each patient's note in a separate electronic file and are sending that to the referring physician by fax. This doesn't need to be done using an electronic medical record, Ms. Nelson told this newspaper. Instead, it can be done with more basic technology like a fax modem or fax server.
“In most cases, technology is underutilized,” she said.
For physicians with an electronic medical record, they can print out two copies of the summary of the visit—one for the patient and one for the referring physician. This allows the patient to bring the second copy to their primary care physician at their next appointment. Although this doesn't replace having the specialist send along a report on the visit, it's a way to engage patients in their own care, Ms. Nelson said.
Any process that reduces this lag time and still communicates the information to the referring physician is a positive development, said Joseph S. Eastern, M.D., a dermatologist in Belleville, N.J.
In his own office, Dr. Eastern uses a simple computer template to record the diagnosis and treatment information for the referring physician. He makes a point of filling out the template the same day and sending it off to the referring physician in the morning.