Lean mass gained during childhood is positively associated with bone size and trabecular volumetric bone mineral density at ages 6 and 7, according to a study published online ahead of print in the June issue of Bone.
For this study, detailed measurements of 200 children enrolled in the Southampton Women’s Survey were taken soon after birth and again at ages 6 and 7. Scanning equipment was used to assess bone mineral density, shape and size of the tibia, and body composition.
“Bone strength and size is important because they are significant factors in long-term osteoporosis and fracture risk,” said Rebecca Moon, BSc, lead investigator of the study.
The researchers found no relationship between fat mass and bone development, indicating that it is not an important factor in childhood skeletal strength. The investigators also found that the relationship between changes in lean muscle and bone development was stronger in girls than in boys, despite the ages of the children, ruling out the onset of puberty as a factor.
“A 10% increase in peak bone mass will delay the onset of osteoporosis by 13 years. These findings point to the importance of early childhood physical activity to optimize muscle and bone growth,” said Dr. Moon.