ATLANTA – GCLAM – the combined use of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), cladribine, high-dose cytarabine, and mitoxantrone – was well tolerated and had potent antileukemia activity in a phase 1/2 trial of adults with relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukemia or high-grade myeloid neoplasms.
Of 40 patients who were treated with GCLAM (with mitoxantrone at the maximum tolerated dose of 16 mg/m2 per day as established in phase 1 of the trial), 11 achieved a complete response (CR), and 13 achieved a complete response with incomplete blood count recovery (CRi), for an overall response rate of 60%, Anna B. Halpern, MD, reported at the annual meeting of the American Society of Hematology.
“Nine of the 11 CR patients and 11 of 13 with CRis were negative for minimal residual disease, for an overall MRD-negative CR rate of 23%,” said Dr. Halpern of the University of Washington and the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, both in Seattle.
Resistant disease occurred in 11 patients, she noted.
Median overall survival was 11.5 months, and the treatment-related mortality (TRM) rate was 5%.
Overall, 21 of 40 patients went to transplant, with a 49% 1-year survival rate, she said.