Key clinical point: Treatment with FMS-like tyrosine kinase inhibitor (FLT3i)-based induction and allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT) in the first complete remission (CR1) improved survival in patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with very low FLT3 allelic burden (0.1 or lower).
Major finding: The 5-year overall survival (OS) rates among patients who received FLT3i induction and allo-SCT in CR1 vs. those who neither received FLT3i nor allo-SCT in CR1 were 100% vs. 27% ( P = .02). The 5-year OS rate among patients who did not receive FLT3i-based induction but underwent allo-SCT in CR1 was 71%. Moreover, patients who received FLT3i-based induction and underwent allo-SCT achieved the highest OS.
Study details: Findings are from the retrospective analysis of 50 patients with newly diagnosed FLT3-mutated AML. Patients received frontline chemotherapy without FLT3i (n=30) or induction therapy with FLT3i (n=20).
Disclosures: This study was partly supported by the MD Anderson Cancer Centre Support Grant. Some investigators including the lead author reported research funding, personal fees, grants, honoraria, consultancy, and advisory roles for various pharmaceutical companies.
Source: Yilmaz M et al. Am J Hematol. 2021 Apr 23. doi: 10.1002/ajh.26202 .