Key clinical point: Induction chemotherapy (IC) with intermediate-dosed cytarabine (ID-AraC) followed by allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) was an effective treatment strategy in patients with secondary or treatment-related acute myeloid leukemia (AML).
Major finding: The median overall survival (OS) and event-free survival of the whole cohort were 15 (range, 0-234) months and 11 (range, 0-234) months, respectively. Complete remission (CR)/CR with incomplete hematologic recovery was achieved in 62.7% of patients receiving ID-AraC. Patients who underwent allo-HSCT after IC showed better OS vs those without allo-HSCT (46 months vs 9 months; P less than .0001).
Study details: Findings are from a retrospective analysis of 110 patients with secondary (AML following myelodysplastic syndrome [n=65], chronic myelomonocytic leukemia [n=15], or myeloproliferative syndrome [n=7]) or treatment-related (n=23) AML. Patients were treated with IC consisting of ID-AraC in combination with either idarubicin or mitoxantrone.
Disclosures: Open Access funding was enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL. The authors declared no conflict of interests.
Source: Fleischmann M et al. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 2021 Jul 23. doi: 10.1007/s00432-021-03733-0 .