Clinical Management of Autism Spectrum Disorders: What Happens Over Time/Borderline Intellectual Functioning
Robert L. Hendren, DO, University of California, San Francisco
Combine types of treatments, such as behavioral interventions, speech and language therapy, and pharmacotherapy, to best serve patients with autism. Evidence of effectiveness of stimulants for patients with autism is mixed; fluvoxamine and sertraline have shown improvement in aggression and social relations. Alpha-adrenergic agonists could help relieve anxiety, but studies are limited. Risperidone and aripiprazole have FDA indications for autism, but are associated with adverse effects. Several biomedical treatments, such as omega-3 fatty acids, melatonin, probiotics, vitamin D3, methyl B12, oxytocin, restrictive diets, digestive enzymes, and choline, have evidence for use in patients with autism.
