In 2008, researchers assessed the cosmetic activity of oleuropein against UVB-induced erythema by preparing an emulsion and emulgel that included the phenolic compound and then applying it on healthy volunteers exposed to UVB. Barrier function, skin color, and microcirculation were evaluated in the study, which considered protective effects delivered via preirradiation topical applications and mitigating effects after erythema induction. The investigators reported that the oleuropein preparations performed well, decreasing erythema, transepidermal water loss, and blood flow by 22%, 35%, and 30%, respectively. They concluded that oleuropein has the potential to be effective in combination with other active ingredients to mend the damage caused by UV radiation (Int. J. Cosmet. Sci. 2008;30:113-20).
In a study of olive oil and its disease-preventive capacity through the modulation of cell signaling, Wahle et al. suggested that the antioxidant effects of olive oil are likely multifactorial, resulting from a combination of its high oleic acid content (low oxidation potential in comparison to linoleic acid) and its high composition of various phenolic antioxidants, especially oleuropein, hydroxytyrosol, and tyrosol (Lipids 2004;39:1223-31).
Oleuropein is high on the long list of ingredients of Innovative Skincare's iS Clinical Moisturizing Treatment Sunscreen SPF 25, which, according to the manufacturer, incorporates innovative technology and several potent antioxidants to protect against sunburn and cutaneous aging. Innovative Skincare's Pro-Heal Serum also contains oleuropein--along with vitamins A, C, and E; kojic acid; and zinc sulfate--in a formulation intended to protect against UV damage and for the treatment of acne and rosacea. Oleuropein is also included among a cocktail of botanical ingredients, such as kaolin, glycolic acid, echinacea, peppermint, rosemary, and green tea extracts, in the Cellex-C Betaplex Clear Complexion Mask, which is designed to offer gentle exfoliation.
Conclusion
As is the case with numerous botanical ingredients, olive oil was used extensively in the ancient world, and its benefits are being relearned by the modern world.
Oleuropein is a key ingredient in olive oil, which is now known to be an integral part of the healthy Mediterranean diet and is used orally and topically to confer various health benefits. Indeed, oleuropein is one of the several key constituents in olive oil that have been demonstrated to impart antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and anticarcinogenic effects.
Current data provide reasons for optimism, particularly if oleuropein, other olive oil components, and olive oil itself can be shown in topical form to consistently deliver such benefits. Nevertheless, much remains to be learned about oleuropein and the other constituents of olive oil in terms of mechanisms of action and the full range of health benefits they may confer.