1. The risk for subsequently developing squamous cell carcinoma in situ of the vulva is most strongly associated with:
a. candidiasis
b. cicatricial pemphigoid
c. lichen planus
d. lichen sclerosus
e. recurrent Trichomonas infections
2. Vitamin D supplements and topical antibiotics commonly are used to treat:
a. desquamative inflammatory vaginitis
b. dysesthetic vulvodynia
c. human papillomavirus–related severe squamous dysplasia of the vulva and vagina
d. lichen sclerosus
e. psoriasis
3. A 28-year-old diabetic woman presented to your clinic with well-developed vulvar pruritus. She was known to have an implanted copper intrauterine device. A Papanicolaou test would most likely reveal:
a. bacteria
b. herpetic virocytes
c. high-grade dysplastic squamous cells
d. koilocytic squamous cells
e. pseudohyphae
4. A 54-year-old woman with Sjögren syndrome and atrophic gastritis presented to your clinic with vulvar pruritus. Atrophy of the skin and mucosa with fissures was clinically suggestive of:
a. candidiasis
b. dysesthetic vulvodynia
c. lichen sclerosus
d. lichen simplex chronicus
e. psoriasis
5. A 48-year-old woman was referred to your clinic for evaluation of persistent burning vulvar pain of 3 months’ duration. She said she felt tired most of the time. On physical examination the vulva looked normal. Commonly this condition is associated with:
a. diabetes mellitus
b. fibromyalgia
c. hypothyroidism
d. iron deficiency anemia
e. psoriasis