Psoriasis patients are more vulnerable to systemic infections, including influenza-related pneumonia, but a new study shows that they are less likely to receive the influenza vaccine than patients with RA.
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Vaccination rates were higher in psoriasis patients aged over 50 years, those who were female, and those with other chronic medical conditions, however.
Megan H. Noe, MD, of the department of dermatology at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, and her coauthors referred to recent evidence suggesting that psoriasis involves systemic inflammation that increase the risk of comorbidities and that hospitalization rates for serious infections, including lower respiratory tract infections and pneumonia, are higher among adults with psoriasis than those who do not have psoriasis.
drawing from administrative and commercial claims data from OptumInsight Clinformatics Data Mart. They examined all adult patients with psoriasis, RA, or chronic hypertension who required oral antihypertensive medication. The study population included individuals tracked during the 2010-2011 flu season and 24 months prior (September 2008 to March 2011). This year was chosen because it was labeled as a “typical” season by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
The primary outcome was a claim for an influenza vaccine, and covariates included age, length of residency, gender, and a clinical history of a range of conditions known to be associated with greater risk of influenza complications.
The population included 17,078 patients with psoriasis, 21,832 with RA, and 496,972 with chronic hypertension. After controlling for sex and age, the probability of getting a flu vaccine was similar between psoriasis and hypertension patients, but RA patients were more likely to be vaccinated than patients with psoriasis (odds ratio, 1.08; 95% confidence interval, 1.03-1.13). But the likelihood varied with age: 30-year-old patients with RA were more likely than a 30-year-old psoriasis patient to get a flu shot (OR, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.18-1.45), while a 70-year-old patient with RA was about as likely to get the flu vaccine as a 70-year-old patient with psoriasis.
Female psoriasis patients were more likely to get a flu shot than males (OR, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.20-1.38). Among the psoriasis patients, having some medical comorbidities were linked to a greater likelihood of being vaccinated, including asthma (OR, 1.58; 95% CI, 1.40-1.77), chronic liver disease (OR, 1.23; 95%, 1.03-1.47), diabetes (OR, 1.48; 95% CI, 1.36-1.63), HIV (OR, 3.68; 95% CI, 2.06-6.57), history of malignancy (OR, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.09-1.34), and psoriatic arthritis (OR, 1.40; 95% CI, 1.25-1.58).
There was no association between the use of an oral systemic therapy or biologic treatment and vaccination rates.
The authors suggested that psoriasis patients, especially younger ones, may not get adequate counseling on the value of the flu vaccine from their physicians. Studies have shown that, among the American public, health care providers are the most influential source of information about the flu vaccine. Among younger patients, the dermatologist may be a psoriasis patient’s primary health care provider, so it is important for dermatologists to counsel patients about the recommended vaccines, the authors wrote.
“Further research understanding why adults with psoriasis do not receive recommended vaccinations will help to create targeted interventions to improve vaccination rates and decrease hospitalizations in adults with psoriasis,” they concluded.
The study relied on administrative claims, so the results may not be generalizable to patients with insurance types other than those in the database or who are uninsured, the authors noted.
This study was funded by the National Psoriasis Foundation, the Dermatology Foundation, and the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases. Dr. Noe and three other authors did not report any disclosures, the fifth author reported multiple disclosures related to various pharmaceutical companies.
SOURCE: Noe MH et al. J Invest Dermatol. 2018 Oct 10. doi: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.09.012.