Key clinical point: Vitamin D supplements alone are not associated with a reduced risk of fracture, but a combination of vitamin D and calcium may be associated with significantly reduced risk.

Major finding: In the meta-analysis of the six vitamin D plus calcium trials, there was a significant 6% reduction in the rate of any fracture and a 16% reduction in hip fracture rate with supplementation.

Study details: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 11 observational studies and 17 randomized, controlled trials.

Disclosures: One author was supported by a Sino-British Fellowship Trust scholarship, and another received grants from the U.K. Medical Research Council. No conflicts of interest were declared.