Key clinical point: In patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), incomplete count recovery (CRi) or presence of measurable residual disease (MRD) before allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) was associated with inferior posttransplant outcomes vs. those in complete remission (CR) or without MRD.
Major finding: Patients in CRi vs. CR were at a higher risk for death (hazard ratio [HR], 1.27; P less than .001) and nonrelapse mortality (HR, 1.33; P = .002). Additionally, presence vs. absence of MRD was associated with shorter overall survival (HR, 1.52; P less than .001) and increased relapse (HR, 1.78; P less than .001).
Study details: This observational study included 2,492 adult patients with AML (CR, n=1,799; CRi, n=693) from the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplantation Research (CIBMTR) registry, who underwent first allo-HCT between 2007 and 2015.
Disclosures: CIBMTR is primarily supported by the National Cancer Institute, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Health Resources and Services Administration, and Office of Naval Research. The lead author had no disclosures. Some coinvestigators reported ties with various pharmaceutical companies.
Source: Percival ME et al. Bone Marrow Transplant . 2021 Apr 16. doi: 10.1038/s41409-021-01261-6 .