Key clinical point: Autologous fecal microbiota transfer (AFMT) was safe and effective for gut microbiota restoration in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) receiving intensive chemotherapy and antibiotics.
Major finding: After AFMT treatment, α-diversity indices returned to their initial median levels (Shannon index, P = .70; Inverse Simpson index, P = .90) and the b-diversity index showed the restoration of microbial communities, particularly for Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae families. Gut microbiota composition was preserved even after consolidation chemotherapy with high-dose cytarabine. No serious adverse events were reported, and only 3 patients experienced transient gastrointestinal symptoms.
Study details: Findings are from the phase 2 ODYSSEE trial evaluating AFMT treatment in 25 patients with AML treated with intensive chemotherapy and antibiotics.
Disclosures: This study was sponsored by MaaT Pharma. Some investigators including the lead author reported ties with various pharmaceutical companies including MaaT Pharma.
Source: Malard F et al. Nat Commun. 2021 May 25. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-23376-6 .