In a recent cross-sectional study that examined whether university students from the US (n=392) and Spain (n=200) considered the viewing of sexually explicit material (SEM) to be tantamount to committing infidelity, it was found that among both cohorts, intolerance of infidelity in general, negative attitudes toward SEM, and the proclivity for jealousy significantly correlated with believing that viewing SEM was tantamount to infidelity. Furthermore, for US participants only, religiosity and (low) self-esteem also correlated with the belief that viewing SEM was infidelity. Participants ranged in age from 18 to 36 (US sample) and 18 to 35 (Spain sample), respectively. Researchers also found:

• The majority of US and Spanish participants (73 and 77%, respectively) indicated that they did not consider viewing SEM as an act of infidelity.
• Among US participants, those who were not currently in a relationship, and those who do not view SEM, were significantly more likely to believe that viewing SEM constituted infidelity compared to Spanish participants, those currently in a relationship, and those who view SEM.